I'm going to graduate with honors and one day I'm going to be able to tell her, "Look, I did this. MICHAEL MEANEY: So thats the reason, of course, that we work with rats because we can get inside the brain. His famous example was giraffes. But she says she doesn't feel that way anymore. SAM KEAN: And, you know, there was kind of antisemitism growing at this time, so he thought that someone had framed him, and six weeks after Nobel published his results in Nature, Kammerer sent a letter to Moscow. ROBERT: Are you near the Arctic Circle or OLOV BYGREN: My home village was 10 miles North of polar circle. ROBERT: You wonder, where did that come from? Catch up with new episodes and hear classics from our archive. One-fourth? What does it look like? They all go down to the DNA, surround that methyl and just, pow! Well, that's the good news, but unfortunately there is some bad news here. And I told Destiny I was thinking about this and asked her about it. JAD: Thanks to Olov Bygren, reporter Pejk Malinovski and KARIN BORGKVIST LJUNG: Karin Borgkvist Ljung, and I'm a senior archivist at the National Archive in Marieberg in Stockholm. That's what I remember her saying. The sperm carries these marks to the next generation. I mean, when you think of Kammerer, there was a report in science outlining a theory about how Kammerer's toads got these characteristics that invoked these epigenetic inheritance and imprinted genes and it made it plausible. I like you, I get the sense that there's a lot of warmth in you. JAD: So heres the backstory. I just saw them as child abusers. Brain disease. BARBARA HARRIS: "I want to thank you for your support and kindness as always." Because you begin with a mother's lick that ends up with a deep, deep change in the baby, not just the good, warm, fuzzy feeling, but a fundamental shift in who that baby is, and who that baby will be. ROBERT: And youre saying that part of the DNA is covered up? OLOV BYGREN: Yes, we are really data-rich. But wouldnt it be nice if thats how it worked? It was something they acquired during their lifetime. She should be with me. LULU: And were trying to think about how do we keep it the same in a lot of ways, but also how do we let it grow into something beyond what it was originally built to be. And I didn't find a single case of someone saying that they regretted what they've done. At the Vivarium, as the name suggests, they have live animals. PAT: Isaiah would sleep and he would scream. We'll just be honest. JAD: And I know I cant change those genes. So almost instantaneously, the mother's tongue has reached into the baby's brain cells. She's 20 months old. FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: This is real physical-chemical interaction between what's going on in the environment and what's going on with the DNA. It's just a mind crushing tedium. DESTINY HARRIS: That's my little girl. She actually emailed me afterwards and adjusted that number down a couple hundred. I'm going to graduate with honors and one day I'm going to be able to tell her, "Look, I did this. Did you know there is a part of this show is gonna be like crazy breaking news, like happened yesterday and we already have a deep take on it? He was miserable to look at. I think what's weird here is that is that we started trying to make a difference in our children and now we're surprise attacked by our grandparents. The results make it probable that our descendants will learn more quickly what we know well, will execute more easily what we have accomplished with great effort, will be able to withstand what injured us almost to the point of death. Riksarkivet. SAM KEAN: This is what's called the slow growth period. Kinda makes me claustrophobic. What do I know? We need to oblige the constraints of WNYC copyright arrangements and apologise for any inconveniences caused. PAT: Which I find kind of hard to believe but, then again, I must have read at least 100 news articles as I was reporting this story. Copyright 2022 New York Public Radio. Listen to the first three stories of the "Inheritance" Radiolab Podcast (Control + click on link to access podcast. She and I snuck away from the children into her office. ROBERT: And then the next one after that. OLOV BYGREN: So they didn't starve to death. I went to the hospital and picked him up. And I think that no, I didn't plan on it but I wouldn't take her back for anything because she made me better. Can you say oh my goodness? He said, "If you were a boy, and you starve between the ages of 9 and 12, and then you went on to become a father, then a grandfather, your grandkids". Yeah. How old are your boys right now? In RadioLab a laboratory setting is used, in which the player receives radioactive stones that emit alpha, beta and gamma radiation particles. next launcher 3d shell pro apk 2019; bad products that sold well; big and tall clothing stores near warsaw; hp chromebook solid orange light; what makes a good family lawyer You feel kind of hemmed in by what your grandfather did? It's against the rules. BARBARA HARRIS: And I knew that the only way I was going to get a daughter was if I went and became a foster parent and asked for one. If you're a starving boy between 9 to 12 years old, now it doesn't matter a whole lot what happens to you after this, your grandchildren will have one-quarter the risk of heart disease. Or did I somehow learn that? JAD: Or does it get passed on such a deep level that doesn't even require teaching? Just to be sure, we asked Frances Champagne what she thinks of this data. Last I heard she was living on the streets in LA. I know what I'll do, I'm going to set up a terrarium for them and I'm going to make it hot, really uncomfortably hot. But she says, you can tell right away, just by looking, that some rat moms don't lick their kids a lot. This lady right here is still taking drugs and she could be pregnant again next month.]. But it failed. ], This could mean sterilization, it could mean getting an IUD.]. I could have turned out like some of the other kids. All these chemicals racing by crashing into it, sticking, and one of the bits that gets covered up is that little bit that makes the proteins that create a maternal instinct. Meaning that they had less incidence of heart disease? Females seem to hate laying eggs in the water, but is that the end of the story? JAD: Everybody we talked to seems to think there's something really interesting going on here. Anyways, God bless you. This great. And um PAT: Doctors would later explain to Barbara that Destiny's mom had been addicted to drugs while she was pregnant. Part 2 of our collaboration with Radiolab. And he said, "Barbara, I'm not buying a school bus." Please welcome Barbara.]. Yes. Then, Carl told us about this research that showed Well, he couldn't quite remember the details. I'm almost done. He had one remaining midwife toad. Its gonna get messy. JAD: But according to Kammerer, here's what happened when he heated up the toads little cage. CARL ZIMMER: At this really marvelous place called the Vivarium. We'll just be honest. And to believe anything else, that's naive. 10 Controversial And Thought-Provoking 'Radiolab' Episodes. A given episode might whirl you through science, legal history, and into the home of someone halfway across the world. These were kids that didn't end up with Barbara? Radiolab: Inheritance - Mastering Rhetoric Radiolab: Inheritance Posted on February 26, 2013 by wlin4 So I listened to Radiolab's story on "Inheritance" which talks about genetics. I mean that's a different kind of odds, but its DESTINY HARRIS: Hi, this is Destiny Harris. I want her to be able to look back on her life one day, maybe when she's getting interviewed, I don't know, and be able to say that, "Yes, my mom was there for me 100% without a doubt." ROBERT: According to Darwin, life and changes are ruled by chance. SAM KEAN: No, they did not have them on land. SAM KEAN: And the key point is that it wasnt something inborn in them. But at that point just two of the six boys were living at home, Brian and Rodney. Move on to the next cage, yes, no? Well, I guess I was thinking we could just start at the beginning. I don't think that puts me in the same category as Hitler. You know? SAM KEAN: Except he had one. SAM KEAN: The sperm carries these marks to the next generation. ], [ARCHIVAL CLIP, Jad Abumrad: How bout this one?]. We are working to provide transcripts for as much of our programming as we can over time. This whole toad thing, to the Darwinian faction, it didn't scan really. That the licking is changing the baby's DNA? Move on to the next cage, yes, no? But I'm going to give them a basin of water. ROBERT: So you think you can get deep down? Thats like, I mean, that seems like a thing that would be frightening. What they decided to do first was to try to figure out which rat was which, which meant, interestingly, counting all the legs. And youre saying that part of the DNA is covered up? And looking at these swings in fortune, Olov realized what he had here was Because with all this data, he and his team could follow families forward in time, through the generations. Remind me this. Okay, you want to say bye? JAD: And at first, it didn't go so well because, you know, if you're a land toad and you're trying to have sex in the water, it's kind of hard. It goes back to the 1800s. PAT: But at that point just two of the six boys were living at home, Brian and Rodney. JAD: Yeah, like you can help them overcome you. I want to start with a parental day dream for a second. JAD: I mean, it's pretty common but like, here's a for instance, my dad from my entire life had this thing where if someone was whistling, he would like they could be whistling six tables over in a restaurant and he would turn around and be like, "Stop that," it was like it was scraping his very nerves. I wonder how much you believe in it. In just two generations, these toads seem to have done something that should have taken, I don't know, 50, 100 generations? According to Frances, it's not just sitting up there perfectly preserved, it's in the middle of the cell, it's crowded. We'll just get one more.". And Barbara and Destiny walked me out to my car. And then they're going to basically revel at that particular spot and turn on that gene. These people are paying millions of dollars to take care of your children!]. You know, inside these cells, in the center, coiled up in little spools, is the DNA. CARL ZIMMER: Around 1908, he started publishing all of these results. So were getting close to the moment of truth, because there it is. And at a certain point, I noticed over my shoulder Barbara's crouched down and she's got her phone out and she's taking a picture of this just perfect little scene. Well, it was a zoo where there was all sorts of experiments going on. Do you have any theories for how this tongue is tickling the DNA, or whatever it's doing? ], You get them $200 each, which they can spend on crack. [ARCHIVAL CLIP, BARBARA HARRIS: Well, I just want to eliminate drug-addicted babies from being born. PAT: And that's when things would start to get out of control. Birth mother's name was actually the same as me, so, Barbara. Although, you know, sometimes that your grandfather's suffering helps you. And I packed up my stuff, it's pretty much done. Were less prone to diabetes. I'm so proud and I have four years clean. Yes. Sincerely, Jennifer.". Lots of money. Since birth. It means what if grandpa has a bad day? Where we sought, they will find. PAT: Over the past five years, if you look at our tax return. The results are there. What does that mean, he was an idiot? Yeah, it was a very attractive theory to them in Moscow. What can't you? You have to look at one cage, say, are they licking? [ARCHIVAL Clip, News: Barbara Harris says she's convinced more than a dozen women], [ARCHIVAL Clip, News: Have accepted her offer to be sterilized in return for money.]. DESTINY HARRIS: No, she was an oops kid. But according to Kammerer, here's what happened when he heated up the toads little cage. Hi, this is Will, calling from Northumberland, England. [ARCHIVAL Clip, Daytime Talkshow: You know what they're going to go do with that money. PAT: And that number, by the way, has grown a lot. Like, mine are bigger, you know." Then she goes, "Oh wait, I didn't give birth to you. Twitter: @wnycradiolab Language: English Contact: WNYC Radio 160 Varick St. New York, NY 10013 (646) 829-4000 Website: http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/ Email: radiolab@wnyc.org Episodes Golden Goose 2/17/2023 More Take a look, explore and subscribe! So. I had a little basketball for her. JEAN KEAN: My name is Jean Kean. This is from 2002. SAM KEAN: You got to help boost if you had a starving grandfather. Or is it? ROBERT: Telling some genes to turn off now, other genes to turn on. CARL ZIMMER: He was revealing it with experiments. FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: At once and we're watching 40 litters at a time. And those lucky ones, according to Darwin's theory, they would have had to have been born with some random mutation in their genes That gave them an advantage in this situation. About 30 years ago-. And Destiny was in the other room, sleeping or something, I'm not sure. One time, and I'm on flighter. So they can grab onto the female and hold tight while they're mating. Well, this is it! LULU: In a very real way, we've been thinking a lot about inheritance. Thyroid hormones then get into the brain and they turn on certain neural chemical signals. PAT: She actually emailed me afterwards and adjusted that number down a couple hundred. Here's what Olov says he found in the data. And I packed up my stuff, it's pretty much done. This is Radiolab. Oh actually, real thing, before we go, Latif. Is that what you're saying? FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: I mean, when you think of Kammerer, there was a report in science outlining a theory about how Kammerer's toads got these characteristics FRANCES CHAMPAGNE: that invoked these epigenetic inheritance and imprinted genes and it made it plausible. You know, when smart people say, you know, "There's no such thing as nature and nurture it's only interaction of the two," You're like, "What the hell does that mean?" And the key point is that it wasnt something inborn in them. It would be wrong to think that they represent all women who use drugs while they're pregnant. CARL ZIMMER: So they can grab onto the female and hold tight while they're mating. PAT: And according to Barbara, the majority of the women she pays are white. PAT: Like shed give the women a choice. You know? So moms licking activates serotonin, and it's released onto brain cells in the hippocampus. [foreign language]. JAD: Most toads, he says, love to stay in the water. All the babies I had seen and all the people that have called me to tell me about their babies that were damaged. So its like grandpa's struggle is jumping forward and giving me a leg up? This is what's called the slow growth period. Did that scare you at all? It's only the mechanisms are not so clear. He was known for going around and giving, what he called, his big show lectures, where he would wow whole audiences of people. Once a kid is born, their genetic fate is pretty much sealed. It might be a mixture. There were four girls and Barbara and Destiny told me that a few years ago they found three of them and they all either were in college or had finished college. We have experts even in very specific fields of study, so you will definitely find a writer who can manage your order. So that was just funny to me. As to diabetes, it was a four-fold risk. That's what I remember her saying. If you start smoking when you're 10, 11 something like that, you end up having children with more problems. According to Frances, it's not just sitting up there perfectly preserved, it's in the middle of the cell, it's crowded. CARL ZIMMER: mouse or rat? Can you say oh my goodness? ROBERT: And there were from the beginning. BARBARA HARRIS: Aw, you blew him a kiss? BARBARA HARRIS: I decided to have a press conference in my front yard to announce what I was doing. You're eight, sorry. JAD: I find myself thinking like, Okay, I know these kids have their genes half from me, half from my wife. Hosted by Lulu Miller and Latif Nasser, Radiolab is a podcast known for using innovative sound design to ask deep questions and investigative journalism to get the answers. JAD: In any case, these books tell you when each of these folks died, how they died. Please welcome Barbara.]. BARBARA HARRIS: They were seven and eight at the time. So heres the backstory. And in 1989, when the story we're telling now started, she was living in California, in Orange County. We ask deep questions and use investigative journalism to get the answers. And in1923, he actually comes to England. They began to grow these all puffy things on their hands. BARBARA HARRIS: A couple of days later, I had already bonded with her so much, it was as if I gave birth to her. The results are obvious to you. He was just You know, most babies are kinda peaceful, he was never really peaceful. He's not even eating at all. And Destiny was in the other room, sleeping or something, I'm not sure. TRANSCRIPTS. If they see methyl groups sitting on that bit of DNA, they are pissed. ROBERT: [laughs] "This may hurt you my son, but I'm doing it for my grandchildren.". But what exactly Maybe you can explain this to me, Robert. Your support helps Radiolab continue to provoke, delight, and keep audiences curious. CARL ZIMMER: She is nine. ROBERT: What a name, you've got to like this guy. 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radiolab inheritance transcript