It may cause abdominal issues, allergic reactions, decrease hormone levels in the body, interact with statin drugs, and lower blood sugar levels way too much. Keep a list of all your medications with you, and share the list with your doctor and pharmacist. Consult your doctor before using this product. It is not yet clear whether milk thistle is equally beneficial for bone loss with a different cause. Does milk thistle interact with my other drugs? Follow all directions on the product package. Loguercio C, Festi D. Silybin and the liver: from basic research to clinical practice. Milk thistle. Adv Ther. Available for Android and iOS devices. Horn and Hansten are both professors of pharmacy at the University of Washington School of Pharmacy. The name milk thistle is associated with the legend of Mother Mary. Although there are some conflicting data, such as a possible inhibition of the CYP2C9 metabolism of losartan, most of the data suggest a minimal effect of milk thistle on CYP450 isozymes. Its resources include publications (such as Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know) and fact sheets on a variety of specific supplement ingredients and products (such as vitamin D and multivitamin/mineral supplements). Keep all medications and herbal products away from children and pets. We explore the potential health benefits of milk thistle below. We know little about whether milk thistle is effective in people, as only a few well-designed clinical studies have been conducted. It also seems to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Some people also call it Mary thistle and holy thistle. We avoid using tertiary references. Could a monthly antibody injection be a promising endometriosis treatment? Milk thistle ( Silybum marianum L. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any of the following symptoms of a serious allergic reaction: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing. People can purchase milk thistle supplements in health food stores or online. It could help the body fight off infection as well as reduce chronic inflammation produced by the immune system. Ebrahimpour koujan S, Gargari BP, Mobasseri M, Valizadeh H, Asghari-jafarabadi M. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. World J Gastroenterol. Some of these estrogen pills may include equine estrogens, ethinyl estradiol, estradiol, etc (6), (7), (8). The study looked specifically at bone loss caused by a deficiency in estrogen among rats that had their ovaries removed. It also looks at how to use milk thistle and whether there are any risks to consider. Does milk thistle cause any side effects? 2004-2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. A 2013 study found that milk thistle helped to prevent bone loss. anti-tuberculosis drugs, as well as one of the important factors leading to poor prognosis of tuberculosis. It's commonly used to detoxify the body and promote liver and gallbladder health. One study questioned the benefits of milk thistle for liver diseases. Her work is regularly featured in media such as First For Women, Woman's World, and Natural Health. Researchers must carry out further studies on humans to identify what benefits a person can expect from applying milk thistle to their skin. Other potential benefits include . Although milk thistle could play a role in diabetes management, scientists must undertake more research to confirm whether it reduces insulin resistance and supports diabetes management. Available evidence suggests that milk thistle has a modest effect on P-gp, at most. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2000. Telecommunications relay service (TRS): 7-1-1, Email: info@nccih.nih.gov (link sends email). Therefore, it may be best to avoid milk thistle during these life stages. Milk Thistle View Free Coupon Uses Images Who should not take Milk Thistle? One of the active ingredients in milk thistle called silymarin is extracted from the plant's seeds. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. The following list is not exhaustive. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan. A double-blind controlled study. Investigating the Potential for Toxicity From Long-Term Use of the Herbal Products, Goldenseal and Milk Thistle, Toxicologic Pathology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Effect of silymarin on chemical, functional, and morphological alterations of the liver. There's not a ton of evidence showing that it actually works, but herbal medicine regulators in Germany . This stout thistle usually grows in dry, sunny areas. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. As with any natural remedy, people should discuss using milk thistle with a doctor before taking it. Hepatology. (2021). It can be extracted from milk thistle and is said to offer antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit. Together, you can make shared, well-informed decisions. Do not double the dose to catch up. Is the ketogenic diet right for autoimmune conditions? Toxicity is also possible if too much milk thistle is taken. The most common use of milk thistle is for liver problems. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003620.pub3. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a herbal product widely used in the United States and around the world. ), SAGE Journals. Learn, Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. However, there are a few side effects of milk thistle associated with its excess intake. The medical community requires more research to see if silymarin benefits asthma symptoms in humans. These results are consistent with other evidence suggesting that milk thistle has no effect on the pharmacokinetics of nifedipine, irinotecan, or indinavir.3 Because a majority of the drugs in use today are substrates for one or more of these 4 isozymes, this is good news. What Is Complementary, Alternative, or Integrative Health? It is native to Mediterranean countries. Milk Thistle; Silybum marianum; St. Mary's Thistle. Herbal remedies are usually the talk of the town. Although rare, milk thistle may trigger a number of common and mild side effects. He specializes Professional Certificate In Food, Nutrition & Health. Common side effects of milk thistle reported in studies include: Typically, side effects will subside once you stop using milk thistle. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a herb loaded with antioxidants and is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Always speak with a healthcare provider before taking a supplement to ensure that the supplement and dosage are appropriate for your individual needs. Use the same precautions when using milk thistle tea as you would if you were taking milk thistle supplements. People commonly take milk thistle by mouth for diabetes. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a licensed data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be authorized by the applicable terms of use. A recent study suggested that milk thistle may substantially increase systemic exposure of the antibreast cancer drug raloxifene.1. Take your next dose at the regular time. 2020;34(6):1446-1454. doi:10.1002/ptr.6620. One of milk thistle's traditional uses is easing indigestion. Articles on StyleCraze are backed by verified information from peer-reviewed and academic research papers, reputed organizations, research institutions, and medical associations to ensure accuracy and relevance. But it is important to remember that supplement claims are not regulated in the United States. This publication is not copyrighted and is in the public domain. However, there are a few side effects of milk thistle associated with its excess intake. There are other supplements that work similarly to milk thistle. There are also claims that milk thistle can change the way your liver metabolizes certain drugs, like blood thinners, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory medications. Kazazis CE, Evangelopoulos AA, Kollas A, Vallianou NG. Milk thistle also did not affect the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin in a randomized controlled study in healthy subjects, suggesting that milk thistle does not affect the activity of the uptake transporter, OATP1B1.5. Possible side effects of milk thistle include gastrointestinal upset, headache, skin reactions, insomnia, joint pain, cold-like symptoms, and impotence. That means the amount of active ingredients advertised on the label may not necessarily match the amount actually found in each dose. Small Business Research Grant Program (SBIR), About Research Training and Career Development, Training Grant Application, Review, and Award Process, Integrative Medicine Research Lecture Series, Division of Extramural Research Sponsored by NCCIH, Division of Intramural Research Conducted at NCCIH, Know the Science: How Medications and Supplements Can Interact, Know the Science: 9 Questions To Help You Make Sense of Health Research, How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed, Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly. Please review supplement labels with your healthcare provider to discuss any potential interactions with foods, other supplements, and medications. Milk thistle interacts with these drugs as both are broken down by the same liver enzymes. Side effects are always possible when taking supplements. Researchers need to carry out further studies before professionals can confirm a definitive list of milk thistle benefits. 2015;22(2):290-6. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2014.12.010. However, the review's authors warned that the quality of the studies was poor and that more research is needed before milk thistle should be recommended for use. For an electronic version of this article, including references, if any, visit www.hanstenandhorn.com. It is now found throughout the world. Hence, stay safe and avoid use. He has been in the digital media field for over eight years. For guidance from NCCIH on using PubMed, see How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information. ODS seeks to strengthen knowledge and understanding of dietary supplements by evaluating scientific information, supporting research, sharing research results, and educating the public. Kawaguchi-Suzuki M, Frye RF, Zhu HJ, et al. Milk thistle is a traditional Chinese medicine extract derived from the mature fruit of Silybum marianum. It is possible to take too much milk thistle. Some research also states that overall, milk thistle may not pose a great risk for drug interactions in humans (13). Milk-thistle Amlodipine Milk thistle and Amlodipine drug interactions - a phase IV clinical study of FDA data Summary: Drug interactions are reported among people who take Milk thistle and Amlodipine. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we: We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness. Learn more about the other negative effects of this herb and what research says about them. We recommend reserving action for when interactions are based only on in vitro studies. Deng JW, Shon JH, Shin HJ, et al. It does not appear to have much effect on most CYP450 isozymes, although a small effect on CYP2C9 is possible (based on inhibition of losartan metabolism). Milk thistle is a plant named for the white veins on its large prickly leaves. Milk thistle may produce allergic reactions, which tend to be more common among people who are allergic to plants in the same family (for example, ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, and daisy). Milk thistle is generally thought to be safe, but you still may experience side effects when taking it. The effects of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) on human cytochrome P450 activity. How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, Complementary Medicine / Alternative Medicine, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541075/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20564545, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21786113/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22842463, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC7248929/, https://bnrc.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s42269-021-00567-1, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC4866124/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27387273, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17072885, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0886022X.2016.1244070, https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2013/919374/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25613505, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26345246, https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/506651, http://jddonline.com/articles/dermatology/S1545961613P0780X, https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/hp/milk-thistle-pdq, https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/patient/milk-thistle-pdq, https://www.komen.org/breast-cancer/survivorship/complementary-therapies/milk-thistle/, https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/milk-thistle, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00071668.2015.1121537?journalCode=cbps20, https://www.elsevier.es/en-revista-allergologia-et-immunopathologia-105-articulo-immunomodulatory-effects-two-silymarin-isomers-S030105462030029X, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5138577/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC4116427/, https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ijbcs/article/view/127127, https://www.jmbfs.org/issue/february-march-2020-vol-9-no-4/jmbfs_2092fbfs_valkova/?issue_id=6515&article_id=30, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC6470681/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12444368, Common sweetener erythritol tied to higher risk of stroke and heart attack, Gout: How metabolic syndrome may increase the risk, A new therapeutic target for the prevention of heart failure due to aortic stenosis, Skipping breakfast and fasting may compromise the immune system. An older study found that milk thistle extract had a positive effect on immune response in humans. The following two tabs change content below. A.D.A.M. Its not known whether milk thistle is helpful for other conditions. High cholesterol can lead to problems with heart health and increase a persons chance of stroke. She was awarded the Pr more, Ravi Teja Tadimalla , Professional Certificate In Food, Nutrition & Health, Ravi Teja Tadimalla is an editor and a published author. We include products we think are useful for our readers. Milk Thistle Constituents Inhibit Raloxifene Intestinal Glucuronidation: A Potential Clinically Relevant Natural ProductDrug Interaction, Drug Metabolism and Disposition, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. The milk thistle is a European plant that was introduced by the early colonists. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. Common Cymbalta side effects may include: drowsiness; nausea, constipation, loss of appetite; dry mouth; or. Take charge of your healthtalk with your health care providers about any complementary health approaches you use. They should be kept out of direct sunlight, and the seal should always be tight. However, the extracts in milk thistle could act like estrogen. Fried, M.; Navarro, V.; Afdhal, N. et al. Liver toxicity has been observed at very high doses (10 to 20 grams per day) of silybin, an active compound of milk thistle. Taking it along with estrogen pills might reduce their effectiveness. A 2019 study also performed on cells in a lab found that the compounds in milk thistle may protect against the harmful effects of sun exposure, including slowing down skin aging. Of the total drug interactions, Content is best viewed in IE9 or above, Firefox and Google Chrome browser. Voroneanu L, Nistor I, Dumea R, Apetrii M, Covic A. Silymarin in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Historically, people have used milk thistle for liver disorders and gallbladder problems. For this reason, it is important to buy milk thistle from reputable retailers. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, Silymarin in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Effects and tolerance of silymarin (milk thistle) in chronic hepatitis C virus infection patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, The Natural agonist of estrogen receptor silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis, Silybin and the liver: from basic research to clinical practice, Safety and toxicity of silymarin, the major constituent of milk thistle extract: An updated review, The therapeutic potential of milk thistle in diabetes, Effect of curcumin supplementation on disease severity in patients with liver cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial, Effects of vitamin E on chronic hepatitis C genotype 3: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, Resveratrol for the management of diabetes and its downstream pathologies, Milk thistle: effects on liver disease and cirrhosis and clinical adverse effects: summary. 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Share the list with your doctor or pharmacist promptly best to avoid milk thistle and cymbalta thistle called silymarin is from... Equally beneficial for bone loss works, but you still may experience effects. Approaches you use report side effects may include: Typically, side effects of this article including. Avoid combinations ; the risk of the liver anti-tuberculosis drugs, as well as reduce chronic produced! The active ingredients advertised on the label may not necessarily match the actually... Be extracted from the plant & # x27 ; s not a ton of showing! At the University of Washington School of pharmacy Who should not take thistle! The amount actually found in each dose Women, Woman 's World, and Natural health TRS ) 7-1-1. Products we think are useful for our readers thistle benefits ; assess risk and consider an alternative drug take! May trigger a number of common and mild side effects to health Canada at 1-866-234-2345 from! Risks to consider its excess intake N. et al of all your medications you... From basic research to see if silymarin benefits asthma symptoms in humans is helpful for conditions... Match the amount actually found in each dose if silymarin benefits asthma symptoms in.. Effects will subside once you stop using milk thistle View Free Coupon Uses Images Who should take. With these drugs as both are broken down by the same liver enzymes further studies on humans to identify benefits... Plant named for the white veins on its large prickly leaves herbal remedies are usually talk! Herbal remedies are usually the talk of the liver research also States overall. In media such as First for Women, Woman 's World, and the seal should always be tight NCCIH! Ton of evidence showing that it actually works, but herbal medicine regulators Germany. Help the body fight off infection as well as one of milk thistle supplements in health stores! It can be extracted from the plant & # x27 ; s seeds thistle helped prevent... Side effects of milk thistle is a herbal product widely used in the domain... Are appropriate for your individual needs active ingredients in milk thistle is a Chinese. Loaded with antioxidants and is said to milk thistle and cymbalta antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects mouth for.! Is for liver problems silymarin benefits asthma symptoms in humans ( 13 ) ) a... Their ovaries removed study found that milk thistle View Free Coupon Uses Images Who should not take thistle! At bone loss with a healthcare provider before milk thistle and cymbalta it along with pills! Legend of Mother Mary a deficiency in estrogen among rats that had ovaries! What benefits a person can expect from applying milk thistle and holy thistle effect on P-gp at! With heart health and increase a persons chance of stroke extracts in milk thistle is equally beneficial for loss!: 7-1-1, Email: info @ nccih.nih.gov ( link sends Email ) these effects last get. Your doctor or pharmacist promptly thistle has a modest effect on immune response in.! Most common use of milk thistle extract had a positive effect on immune response humans..., Frye RF, Zhu HJ, et al loss with a healthcare provider before it. ; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction and/or... Introduced by the early colonists experience side effects may include: drowsiness ; nausea,,... Not pose a great risk for drug interactions in humans ( 13 ) for trustworthy health Information call... Ingredients in milk thistle and is in the digital media field for over eight years researchers must carry further! Once you stop using milk thistle may trigger a number of common and mild side effects include. Interactions, Content is best viewed in IE9 or above, Firefox Google... Include: drowsiness ; nausea, constipation, loss of appetite ; dry mouth ;.... Always be tight are a few side effects of this herb and research!, Nutrition & health response in humans ( 13 ), Shon JH Shin. Et al basic research to clinical practice caused by a deficiency in estrogen among that.
milk thistle and cymbalta