things named after benedict arnold

He and his men were joined by Richard Montgomery's small army and participated in the December 31 assault on Quebec City in which Montgomery was killed and Arnold's leg was shattered. It was General Arnold. By Joyce Lee Malcolm. [132], Talleyrand continued, "I must confess that I felt much pity for him, for which political puritans will perhaps blame me, but with which I do not reproach myself, for I witnessed his agony". Thereupon I expressed the desire of seeing that gentleman, and, shortly after, I was introduced to him. [119] The most serious of these was a slander suit which he won against a former business partner; and following this, townspeople burned him in effigy in front of his house, as Peggy and the children watched. [103], Washington remained calm when he was presented with evidence of Arnold's treason. [123], In January 1801, Arnold's health began to decline. His difficult time in New Brunswick led historians to summarize it as full of "controversy, resentment, and legal entanglements" and to conclude that he was disliked by both Americans and Loyalists living there. Upon the outbreak of hostilities at Lexington, Massachusetts (April 1775), Arnold volunteered for service and participated with Ethan Allen in the successful colonial attack on British-held Fort Ticonderoga, New York, the following month. At the age of sixteen, Arnold enlisted in a militia and served in the French and Indian War in upstate New York . We largely don't even know who he is. Understand why Benedict Arnold spied for the British during the American Revolutionary War. Thereafter his name became an epithet for traitor in the United States. From there, he was ordered to Vermont where he met with Ethan Allen. The fort was finally captured by the British in 1759. Arnold never received all of the 20,000 pounds he was promised by the British for becoming a traitor. The prisoner was dressed in miltary uniform. After Arnold was wounded in 1777, George Washington named him military governor of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, recently abandoned by the British. [63][64], Arnold had an extremely ambitious and jealous personality. You may think it was odd that parents would name their newborn . Mo talks with author Nathaniel Philbrick about the now . Arnold was born in Connecticut. Brown was particularly vicious, publishing a handbill which claimed of Arnold, "Money is this man's God, and to get enough of it he would sacrifice his country". The first man was a British major named John Andre. His grandfather, after whom he was named, was one of the founders of the Rhode Island colony, but Arnold's father was the opposite of the upstanding Benedict Arnold I. Benedict Arnold led the attack at the British Fort of Ticonderoga. The Portrayal of Benedict Arnold in American History", Shy, John. Clinton was uninterested in most of his aggressive ideas, but finally authorized him to raid the port of New London, Connecticut. His father's alcoholism and ill health kept him from training Arnold in the family mercantile business, but his mother's family connections secured an apprenticeship for him with her cousins Daniel and Joshua Lathrop, who operated a successful apothecary and general merchandise trade in Norwich. He helped organize militia forces on British-held islands, receiving praise from the landowners for his efforts on their behalf. Nor was it named after Pope Benedict XIII, the leader of the Catholic Church from 1724 to 1730 (or any of the 15 other popes who took the name Benedict). In the House of Commons, Edmund Burke expressed the hope that the government would not put Arnold "at the head of a part of a British army" lest "the sentiments of true honour, which every British officer [holds] dearer than life, should be afflicted". [62], Arnold had been badly wounded twice in battle and had lost his business in Connecticut, which made him profoundly bitter. betrayal. [31], Arnold was in the West Indies when the Boston Massacre took place on March 5, 1770. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. [a][133] Historical markers in Danvers, Massachusetts, and Newburyport, MA commemorate Arnold's 1775 expedition to Quebec. He proposed an action to the Massachusetts Committee of Safety to seize Fort Ticonderoga in upstate New York, which he knew was poorly defended. He returned a hero, but his rash courage and impatient energy had aroused the enmity of several officers. Major-General Nathanael Greene (August 7 [O.S. Arnold immediately hastened to the shore and ordered bargemen to row him downriver to where HMS Vulture was anchored, fleeing on it to New York City. His company marched northeast the following month to assist in the siege of Boston that followed the Battles of Lexington and Concord. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. On August 13, Schuyler dispatched him with a force of 900 to relieve the siege of Fort Stanwix, where he succeeded in a ruse to lift the siege. The arched, double-door main entrance provided a stately, picturesque quality to the home. [13] A commonly accepted story that he deserted from militia service in 1758[14] is based on uncertain documentary evidence.[15]. [103] He had suffered from gout since 1775,[124] and the condition attacked his unwounded leg to the point where he was unable to go to sea. Arnold was born on January 14, 1741, in Norwich, Connecticutthe fifth person in his family to be named Benedict Arnold. His fellow conspirator, Major Andre, was hanged by the Continental army for being a spy. The band played a funeral march. Peggy Shippen, or Margaret Shippen (July 11, 1760 - August 24, 1804), was the second wife of General Benedict Arnold (following Margaret Mansfield, who died in 1775). As early as 1778, there were signs that Arnold was unhappy with his situation and pessimistic about the country's future. [50] There he participated in the first recorded Oath of Allegiance, along with many other soldiers, as a sign of loyalty to the United States.[51]. Before his betrayal Benedict Arnold was a legitimate hero and a competent officer. [135] Jefferson Davis and other southern secessionist leaders were unfavorably compared to Arnold, implicitly and explicitly likening the idea of secession to treason. He was convicted of disorderly conduct and fined the relatively small amount of 50 shillings; publicity of the case and widespread sympathy for his views probably contributed to the light sentence. [41], Arnold was on his way to Philadelphia to discuss his future when he was alerted that a British force was marching toward a supply depot in Danbury, Connecticut. Benedict Arnold was born in 1741 to a prominent Connecticut family. [52] Historian John Shy states: Arnold began planning to capitalize financially on the change in power in Philadelphia, even before the Americans reoccupied their city. [112], In London, Arnold aligned himself with the Tories, advising Germain and King George III to renew the fight against the Americans. Born in 1867 in Hanley, Staffordshire (part of the famous 'Potteries' and now a district of Stoke-on-Trent), Enoch Arnold Bennett was named after his father, a solicitor. [94], Andr was captured near Tarrytown, New York, on Saturday, September 23, by three Westchester militiamen. Through his maternal grandmother, Arnold was a descendant of John Lothropp, an ancestor of six presidents. He performed operations that provided the Americans with relief during the Siege of Fort Stanwix, and key actions during the pivotal 1777 Battles of Saratoga, in which he sustained leg injuries that put him out of combat career for several years. He was on his way home from Ticonderoga when he learned that his wife had died earlier in June. Meanwhile, in April 1779, Arnold married Margaret (Peggy) Shippen, a young woman of loyalist sympathies. It just doesn't respect it", "Letter, Benedict Arnold to George Washington pleading for mercy for his wife", "Benedict Arnold: The Aftermath of Treason", "Saratoga National Historical Park Activities", "Saratoga National Historical Park Tour Stop 7", links to primary sources about Benedict Arnold before and after his treason, Arnold, Benedict (17411801), army officer | Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness, Washington's crossing of the Delaware River, African Americans in the Revolutionary War, Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benedict_Arnold&oldid=1139478021, 18th-century American non-fiction writers, American expatriates in the United Kingdom, British Army personnel of the American Revolutionary War, British people of the French Revolutionary Wars, British spies during the American Revolution, Businesspeople from New Haven, Connecticut, Connecticut militiamen in the American Revolution, Continental Army officers from Connecticut, Continental Army personnel who were court-martialed, Military personnel from Norwich, Connecticut, People of Connecticut in the French and Indian War, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020, All articles with broken links to citations, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Benedict Arnold (17681795) (Captain, British Army in Jamaica), Henry Arnold (17721826) (Lieutenant, American Legion cavalry), Edward Shippen Arnold (17801813) (Lieutenant, British Army in India; see, James Robertson Arnold (17811854) (Lieutenant General, Royal Engineers), George Arnold (17871828) (Lieutenant Colonel, 2nd (or 7th) Bengal Cavalry). His mother came from a wealthy family, but his alcoholic father squandered their estate. During the Revolutionary War, West Point was known as Fort Arnold, but after Benedict Arnold's betrayal, it became known as Fort Clinton. His physicians diagnosed him as having dropsy, and a visit to the countryside only temporarily improved his condition. "[144] The victory monument at Saratoga has four niches, three of which are occupied by statues of Generals Gates, Schuyler, and Morgan. AD 1781, when the British, under the command of the Traitor Benedict Arnold, burnt the towns of New London and Groton and spread desolation and woe throughout the region. Benjamin Franklin wrote that "Judas sold only one man, Arnold three millions", and Alexander Scammell described his actions as "black as hell". After formal inquiries, he was usually acquitted, but Congress investigated his finances and determined that he was indebted to Congress, and that he had borrowed money heavily to maintain a lavish lifestyle. After his leg healed, Benedict Arnold was named Military Governor of Philadelphia. [82] When he reached Connecticut, Arnold arranged to sell his home there and began transferring assets to London through intermediaries in New York. Later Arnold revealed to the British that he expected to receive the command of American forces at West Point, New York, and agreed to surrender that garrison to them for 20,000. [21] However, it is unknown whether this encounter actually happened or not. Saint Benedict once lived in a hermit cave. [1] During this time, Arnold brought his sister Hannah to New Haven and established her in his apothecary to manage the business in his absence. His father was a successful businessman and young Arnold was educated in private schools. Historians have several theories about why Arnold became a traitor: greed; mounting debt; resentment of other officers; a hatred of the Continental Congress; and a desire for the colonies to remain under British rule. For his services he was restored to his proper relative rank. Benedict Arnold High School Gallery Official Name Benedict Arnold High School Location Details Universe Earth-Twelve Country United States of America First Appearance Adventures of Bob Hope #95 ( November, 1965) Contents 1 History 2 Residents 2.1 Students and Alumni 2.2 Faculty 3 Notes 4 See Also History This article is a stub. Arnold had three sons with Margaret Mansfield:[150][151]. The Portrayal of Benedict Arnold in American History", Military career of Benedict Arnold, 17751776, Military career of Benedict Arnold, 17771779, A Proclamation to the Officers and Soldiers of the Continental Army, "The Crypt Center Church on the Green New Haven, CT", 10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0200008, "Independence National Historical Park: History of the President's House", "The Culper Spy Ring American Revolution", "Loyal American Regiment Historical Treks", "Native Norwich Is Ignoring Benedict Arnold", "Benedict Arnold: The Aftermath Of Treason", Saratoga National Historical Park Tour Stop 7, "In Commemoration of Arnold's Expedition to Quebec", "Letter: Some recognize Gen. Arnold as true hero of the Revolutionary War", "By Brigadier-General Arnold, A proclamation to the officers and soldiers of the Continental army who have the real interest of their country at heart, and who are determined to be no longer the tools and dupes of Congress, or France [Signed]", "Netflix's America: The Motion Picture fails at just about everything", "Netflix's 'America: The Motion Picture' knows who its audience is. When American leaders discovered the plot, Arnold fled. [84], Arnold next wrote a series of letters to Clinton, even before he might have expected a response to the July 7 letter. [3] Some among those in his military and political circles charged him with corruption and other bad acts. July 27] 1742 - June 19, 1786) was an American military officer and planter who served in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War.He emerged from the war with a reputation as one of George Washington's most talented and dependable officers, and is known for his successful command in the Southern theater of the conflict. Benedict Arnold's name is synonymous with the word traitor. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Arnold was made a brigadier general in the British army. Arnold mingled with Loyalist sympathizers in Philadelphia and married into a Loyalist family when he wedded Peggy Shippen. Peggy came from a loyalist family in Philadelphia; she had many ties to the British. Washington refused his offer to resign, and wrote to members of Congress in an attempt to correct this, noting that "two or three other very good officers" might be lost if they persisted in making politically motivated promotions. Updates? During the American War for Independence, several engagements were fought at the five-pointed star-shaped Fort Ticonderoga. "[108] Cornwallis ignored Arnold's advice to locate a permanent base away from the coast, advice that might have averted his surrender at Yorktown. A historical marker in Danvers, Massachusetts commemorates Benedict Arnold's 1775 expedition to Quebec Bayley Seton Hospital in the Clifton section of Staten Island was named in part for Richard Bayley, father of Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton [67], Early in May 1779, Arnold met with Philadelphia merchant Joseph Stansbury[c] who then "went secretly to New York with a tender of [Arnold's] services to Sir Henry Clinton". However, the deaths of his siblings two years later may have contributed to a decline in the family fortunes, since his father took up drinking. [127] His funeral procession boasted "seven mourning coaches and four state carriages";[103] the funeral was without military honors. [126] As a result of a clerical error in the parish records, his remains were removed to an unmarked mass grave during church renovations a century later. Benedict's exploits and continuous wins caught the eye of George Washington, who . [95] They found the papers exposing the plot to capture West Point and passed them on to their superiors,[96] but Andr convinced the unsuspecting Colonel John Jameson, to whom he was delivered, to send him back to Arnold at West Pointbut he never reached West Point. [107], The pursuing American army included the Marquis de Lafayette, who was under orders from Washington to hang Arnold summarily if he was captured. When in February 1777 Congress created five new major generalships, Arnold was passed over in favour of his juniors. The other leg ached constantly, and he walked only with a cane. [26], On February 22, 1767, Arnold married Margaret Mansfield, daughter of Samuel Mansfield, the sheriff of New Haven and a fellow member in the local Masonic Lodge. Later,. He is also believed to have built the first U.S. telescope. Background. Did he become a traitor because of all the injustice he suffered, real and imagined, at the hands of the Continental Congress and his jealous fellow generals? Corrections? Interesting Facts About Benedict Arnold. Arnold lost most of his siblings to yellow fever, calamitous events that triggered alcoholism in his father. The first major biography of his life was The Life and Treason of Benedict Arnold, published in 1832 by historian Jared Sparks; it was particularly harsh in showing how Arnold's treacherous character was formed out of childhood experiences. His subordinates, some long-time associates, grumbled about Arnold's unnecessary distribution of supplies and eventually concluded that he was selling them on the black market for personal gain. On the morning of September 22, from their position at Teller's Point, two American rebels, John "Jack" Peterson and Moses Sherwood, under the command of Col. James Livingston fired on HMS Vulture, the ship that was intended to carry Andr back to New York. His performance in the Battle of Ridgefield in Connecticut prompted his promotion to major general. He followed up that action with a bold raid on Fort Saint-Jean on the Richelieu River north of Lake Champlain. But despite all the financial and political reasons he had for his betrayal, it's possible it was actually about love. Besides, I would argue that even if the British d. [12] In 1757 when he was 16, he did enlist in the Connecticut militia, which marched off toward Albany, New York, and Lake George. Some theatrical treatments of the 19th century explored his duplicity, seeking to understand rather than demonize it. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Major Benjamin Tallmadge was a member of the Continental Army's Culper Ring, a network of spies established under Washington's orders,[97] and he insisted that Jameson order the prisoner to be intercepted and brought back. Benedict Arnold's reasons for betraying America were extraordinarily complex. At his request, a court martial was held to clear his name. On July 12, he wrote again, making explicit the offer to surrender West Point, although his price rose to 20,000[b] (in addition to indemnification for his losses), with a 1,000[b] down payment to be delivered with the response. [120] The family left Saint John to return to London in December 1791. Scholastica, the founder of the Benedictine sisters, was Benedict's sister. Arnold remained there until July 1781 and then returned to New York. My family have voted conservative in most elections. Before it could be carried out, however, minutemen captured John Andr and informed General George Washingtonof the plot. (Benedict Cumberbatch doesn't count; he's British.) [68] Stansbury ignored instructions from Arnold to involve no one else in the plot, and he crossed the British lines and went to see Jonathan Odell in New York. 10 interesting facts about st benedict. On June 16, Arnold inspected West Point while on his way home to Connecticut to take care of personal business, and he sent a highly detailed report through the secret channel. Unable to obtain a regular commission in the British army, he later pursued various business ventures, including land speculation in Canada. [113], Arnold then applied to accompany General Carleton, who was going to New York to replace Clinton as commander-in-chief, but the request went nowhere. Answer (1 of 2): In the United States, Benedict Arnold has the dubious distinction of being one of the primary figures responsible for the Revolutionary War's losing cause. He led a force of more than 1,700 men which burned most of New London to the ground on September 4, causing damage estimated at $500,000. Benedict died of natural causes, maybe a fever. The America. [1][7] Arnold was the fourth surviving member of his family named after his great-grandfather Benedict Arnold I, an early governor of the Colony of Rhode Island; his grandfather (Benedict Arnold II) and father, as well as an older brother who died in infancy, were also named for the colonial governor. Although he was unsuccessful, his attempt to betray George Washington and his American forces . Crippled from his wounds, Arnold was placed in command of Philadelphia (June 1778), where he socialized with families of loyalist sympathies and lived extravagantly. [22] In a strange twist of fate, "the second most hated British . In 1775, when the war began, he was a merchant operating ships in the Atlantic Ocean. Arnold's role in the war was controversial, with some supporting his actions and others supporting the Patriots. In the winter of 1782, he and Peggy moved to London, England. [130] In Arnold's home town of Norwich, Connecticut, someone scrawled "the traitor" next to his record of birth at city hall, and all of his family's gravestones have been destroyed except his mother's.[131]. [116] Delivery of his first ship the Lord Sheffield was accompanied by accusations from the builder that Arnold had cheated him; Arnold claimed that he had merely deducted the contractually agreed amount when the ship was delivered late. In a July 11 letter, he complained that the British did not appear to trust him, and threatened to break off negotiations unless progress was made. [58] She married Arnold on April 8, 1779. Benedict Arnold was unhappy with his position in the Continental Army by the time he betrayed the cause of the American Revolution to the British. However, Arnold was a prominent figure in the American Revolution and, for a time, was a distinguished war hero who simply became . Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). He did, however, investigate its extent, and suggested that he was willing to exchange Andr for Arnold during negotiations with Clinton concerning Andr's fate. [74] Furthermore, revolutionary mobs were scouring Philadelphia for Loyalists, and Arnold and the Shippen family were being threatened. Phillips led further raids across Virginia, including a defeat of Baron von Steuben at Petersburg, but he died of fever on May 12, 1781. Washington Irving used it as part of an argument against dismemberment of the union in his 1857 Life of George Washington, pointing out that the unity of New England and the southern states which led to independence was made possible in part by holding West Point. He later revealed that he expected to obtain the command of West Point, New York, and asked the British for 20,000 for betraying this post. She couldand did. [76] Several members on the panel of judges were ill-disposed toward Arnold over actions and disputes earlier in the war, yet Arnold was cleared of all but two minor charges on January 26, 1780. X27 ; s role in the Battle of Ridgefield in Connecticut prompted his promotion to major.... ] However, it is unknown whether this encounter actually happened or not and then returned New. Demonize it efforts on their behalf forces on British-held islands, receiving praise from landowners. 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